Hard Disk Drives Encyclopedia ATA/ATAPI history PATA IDE EIDE Fast ATA Ultra ATA 33-133, Ultra DMA 33-133 SATA Short description of the structure and principle of operation Electronic components Random-access memory Flash memory Firmware Extended power-saving Device Sleep (DevSleep) Adaptive variables Error control Protected data area Operation life determination Enhanced security erase Instant information destruction Hermetic block Form-factor Filters Performance Throughput of protocols Access optimization Read-ahead Lazy write Command overlapping Tagged Command Queuing (TCQ) Native Command Queuing (NCQ) Block data transfer mode Magnetic disks Servo marks Low-level formatting Sector Magnetic track Cylinder Data addressing Zoned bit recording Data recording technologies Magnetic surface degradation File system defragmentation File system cluster Positioning system Magnetic head Magnetic head parking system Spindle motor Fluid bearing Automatic acoustic management S.M.A.R.T. Self-diagnosis SCT Transport Maintenance Cooling SCSI